North Korea’s First Spy Satellite Is ‘Alive’, Can Manoeuvre, Expert Says

After two fiery failures, North Korea successfully placed the Malligyong-1 satellite in orbit in November. Pyongyang’s state media said it has photographed sensitive military and political sites in South Korea, the United States, and elsewhere, but has not released any imagery. Independent radio trackers have not detected signals from the satellite.

“But now we can definitely say the satellite is alive,” Marco Langbroek, a satellite expert at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, wrote in a blog post, Reuters reported.

From Feb. 19-24, the satellite conducted maneuvers to raise its perigee, or the lowest point in its orbit, from 488 km to 497 km, Langbroek said, citing data from the US–led Combined Space Operations Center.

“The maneuver proves that Malligyong-1 is not dead, and that North Korea has control over the satellite – something that was disputed,” he said.

South Korea’s Defense Ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment. On Monday, Defense Minister Shin Won-sik said the satellite was not showing any signs of performing other tasks or engaging in reconnaissance.

“While we indeed currently can not be sure whether the satellite does successfully take imagery, it at least performs orbital maneuvers, so in that sense it is functional,” Langbroek wrote of Shin’s comments.

The orbit-raising maneuver was a surprise as the presence of an onboard propulsion system is unexpected, and previous North Korean satellites never maneuvered, he said.

“Having the capacity to raise the satellite’s orbit is a big deal,” Langbroek said.

That means that as long as there is fuel in the satellite, North Korea can prolong the satellite’s lifetime by raising its altitude when it gets too low because of orbital decay, he concluded.